265例抗菌药物致不良反应报告

Report on 256 Cases of Adverse Drug Reactions Induced by Antibiotics

目的：探讨永安市立医院（以下简称＂我院＂）抗菌药物致不良反应发生的特点,为临床合理用药提供参考。方法：针对我院2008年1月—2016年6月收集并上报的265例抗菌药物致不良反应报告,分别从患者性别与年龄、过敏史、给药途径、涉及药品及不良反应的临床表现、累及器官和（或）系统等方面进行统计分析。结果：抗菌药物致不良反应可发生于各个年龄段患者,其中15-〈45岁患者使用抗菌药物后的不良反应发生率最高,为41.89%（111例）;静脉滴注是抗菌药物引发不良反应的主要给药途径（248例）;头孢菌素类抗菌药物发生的不良反应病例数最多（115例）;引发不良反应病例数最多的具体药品为左氧氟沙星（61例）;抗菌药物致不良反应可累及多个器官和（或）系统,最多见的是皮肤及其附件损害。结论：应重视和加强抗菌药物致不良反应监测,合理用药,保障患者用药安全。

OBJECTIVE： To probe into the characteristics of occurrence of adverse drug reactions（ ADR） induced by antibiotics in Yong＇an Municipal Hospital（ hereinafter referred to as ＂our hospital＂）,so as to provide reference for the rational drug use in clinic. METHODS： 256 cases of ADR by our hospital from Jan. 2008 to Jun. 2016 were collected and reported; statistical analysis was conducted on patients＇ gender,allergic history,route of administration,drugs and clinical manifestations of ADR,ADR-involved organs and（ or） systems,etc.. RESULTS： ADR induced by antibiotics occurred in all ages,among which individuals aged 15-44 years old had the highest incidence of ADR（ 41. 89%,111 cases）; the main route of administration was intravenous injections（ 248 cases）; the number of cases that induced by cephalosporins antibiotics took the lead（ 115 cases）; levofloxacin induced the most cases of ADR（ 61cases）; ADR induced by antibiotics can involve multiple systems and（ or） organs,the most common was the skin and its accessories damage. CONCLUSIONS： It is necessary to pay attention to and strengthen the monitoring of ADR induced by antibiotics and the rational drug use,so as to guarantee the medication safety in patients.