岩石机掘面多径向旋流风控除尘方法的研究与应用

Research on dust control and removal method of multi-direction rotational air curtain at rock mechanized excavation face and its application

为了有效降低岩石机掘面粉尘质量浓度,利用数值模拟、现场实测等方法,研究应用一种多径向旋流风控除尘方法。基于多径向旋流风控除尘方法研制控除尘系统,并在东区皮带巷岩石机掘面进行现场应用,实测多径向旋流风发生装置开启前后各测点粉尘质量浓度。研究结果表明:多径向旋流风发生装置开启后,可形成覆盖巷道全断面的多径向旋流风,并在掘进机司机至掘进头间形成风流方向均轴向指向掘进头的控尘风幕,压抽比越小,控尘风幕的风速波动系数、质量浓度为50 mg/m^3以上的粉尘运移距离、司机处粉尘质量浓度均越小,压抽比为0.75时控除尘效果较优。开启后,压抽比越小,控除尘效果越优,压抽比为0.75时,相对开启前,有人作业区域各测点的实测降尘率平均值为81.72%,控除尘效果明显。

In order to effectively reduce the dust mass concentration at the rock mechanized excavation face, numerical simulation and field measurement methods were used for the research and application of dust control and removal method of multi-direction rotational air curtain. Based on dust control and removal method of multi-direction rotational air curtain, the air curtain dust control and removal system was designed, and a field application was conducted at rock mechanized excavation face of eastern pulley roadway, the dust concentrations of measuring points were tested before and after the multi-direction rotational air curtain production device opening. The results show that when the multi-direction rotational air curtain production device is turned on, the multi-direction rotational wind which can cover the whole cross-section of roadway is produced, and the dust control air curtain pointing to the heading face is formed in the space between the drivers position in heading machine and the heading face. The less press extraction ratio is, the shorter wind speed fluctuation coefficient of the dust control air curtain will be, the shorter diffusion distance of high concentration dust above 50 mg/m^3 is, and the shorter the dust concentration at driver position is as well. A better dust control removal effect is determined when the press extraction ratio is 0.75. When the system is opened, the less press extraction ratio, the better dust control and removal effect. The average removal rate of dust at measuring points of some operational areas reaches 81.72%. The effect of the multi-direction rotational air curtain is obvious.