黄丘三副区坡耕地保水保土农牧结合种植模式研究

Study on the Model of Plantation of Combining Agriculture and Animal Husbandry for Soil and Water Conservation on Sloping Farmland in the Third Subregion of Gullied Rolling Loess Region

本文通过对坡耕地粮食作物种植方式的改进研究,探索了适应该地区生态条件的新的种植模式。试验结果表明,新的种植模式与对照相比,生物产量、等价产量和蛋白质产量均显著或极显著高;能量产投比率提高1.9～2.9倍;年光能利用率、积温生产率以及降水生产率分别提高15％～55％;年径流量减少122～526m^3/ha,年侵蚀量减少42～69t/ha,养分流失率减少20％～90％;土壤有机质、全氮和10～0.25mm粒径的水稳性团粒含量分别提高37.4％～49.5％、11.7％～21.0％和51.1％～62.0％,土壤养分呈增加趋势,肥力明显提高。

Through studying on the improvement of ways of planting crops on sloping farmland,the authors probe into the new planting ways suitable to local ecological conditions. The experimental results indicate that yield in biological products, equivalent products and protein under the new planting model increase obviously in comparing with the original way of plantation. The ratio of energy output to input increased by 1. 9-2. 9 times ; utilization efficiency of sunlight, productive efficiency of accumulated temprature and precipitation increased by 15%- 55% respectively. Annual runoff and erosion reduced by 122-562m3/ha and 42-69 t /ha separately;rate of loss of nutrients reduced by 20%-90%. Organic matter,total nitrogen and water -stabilizing soil aggregate with sizes 0. 25-10mm increased by 37. 4%-49. 5%, 11. 7%-21. 0% and 51.1%-62. 0% respectively. Soil nutrients also tended to increase and soil fertility enhanced obviously.