不同产地玛卡遗传多样性的ISSR分析

Genetic Analysis of Lepidium meyenii Walp.Resources from Different Habitats Based on ISSR Markers

目的：从DNA分子水平分析国内外5个不同产地玛卡的遗传多样性，探索其相互之间的亲缘关系。方法：采用简单重复序列区间（ISSR）分子标记技术对11份不同产地玛卡进行聚类分析。从20条ISSR引物中筛选出8条进行PCR扩增，扩增产物经1．5％琼脂糖凝胶电泳检测，扩增结果进行遗传参数统计分析，用NTSYS软件UPGMA法进行亲缘关系聚类分析，构建聚类图。结果：8条引物共获得51条清晰可辨条带，其中多态性条带22条，平均多态性比率为43．1％。11份玛卡的相似系数在：0．6275～0．9608。聚类结果显示，国产与秘鲁原产玛卡明显被分为两大类。在国产9个样品中，云南、西藏、青海聚为一支，新疆产玛卡单独聚成一支。结论：ISSR标记可以区别秘鲁原产与引种的玛卡样品，然而国产玛卡整体遗传变异小，遗传稳定性强。

Objective： To study the population genetic diversity and relationships of Lepidium meyenii Walp. resources from 5 different habitats according to their DNA molecule among them. Methods： Inter-simple sequence repeat （ISSR） molecular marker technique was adopted to analyze genetic diversity of L. meyenii from different habitats. 8 ISSR primers with good repeatability screened from 20 ISSR primers were screened out with PCR and the amplification products were examined by 1.5% agarose gel electrophoresis. Genetic parameters were analyzed statistical and population genetic cluster was assessed by using UPGMA method （ NTSYS software）. Results： A total of 51 bands were amplified from 8 ISSR primers, of which 22 bands were polymorphic loci. The percentage of polymorphic fragment was up to 43.1%. The genetic similarity coefficient of the l lsamples was 0. 627 5 -0. 960 8 and samples could be divided into 2 categories differencing between Peru and China.However, 9 samples from China could not be distinguished from each other significantly through cluster analysis. Conclusion： The ISSR markers can be used for identification of L. meyenii from Peru or China, but the genetic variation of Chinese L. meyenii is small with strong genetic stability.