以“替罪羊机制”看中国龙神崇拜信仰起源

An Exploration ofthe Chinese Origin of the Dragon Worship Belief from the Scapegoat Mechanism

勒内·吉拉尔通过梳理西方原始神话,认为其中普遍存在着迫害形式的四个范式文本表述。"迫害文本"中的迫害行为一般结束于受害者的第一次转变,即不幸的转变。在原始神话文本中,在迫害行为结束后,受害者还经历了第二次的转变,即从不幸转为神圣。从不幸到神圣的转变构成了神话中的"替罪羊机制"。从中国各民族原始神话文献与口述文学中出现的龙神信仰资料发现,龙神信仰在逻辑上符合"替罪羊机制"的话语表述,这为龙神现象在中国各民族中被神圣化的起源提供了新的研究视角。

Rene Girard concluded persecution stereotypes from the western original myth, which generally existthe four paradigms of the text representation in the form of persecution. The behaviour of persecution in the ＂the text of Persecution＂ generally ends in the first changeof the victims, that is, the transformation of the misfortune. In the original version of the myth, the victim hasexperienced the second changeafter the end of persecution behaviour, that is, from misfortune to the divine. Thetransformationfrom misfortune to the divine constitutes the myth of the ＂scapegoat mechanism＂. Throughdragon belief dataof the Chinese ethnic myth from literature and oral literature, it is found that the Dragon belief in logic is in accordance with the ＂scapegoat mechanism＂ of the discourse, which provides a new research perspective for the study of the sanctified origin of the Dragon phenomenon of ethnic groups in China.