多普勒雷达中气旋判据及算法的发展与应用

The Development and Application of Doppler Radar Mesocyclone Criterion and Algorithm

由于超过90%的中气旋伴随着龙卷、强雹、大风等强天气发生,因此中气旋的识别与应用对于准确、实时发布强天气预警具有十分重要的意义。目前我国仅CINRAD WSR—98D SA/SB多普勒雷达内置了美国强风暴实验室开发的中气旋算法,并有相应的中气旋产品,其他型号的多普勒雷达则只能从径向速度图上人工识别中气旋。回顾了中气旋判据演变的三个阶段,对当前业务上使用的第三阶段的中气旋判据存在的问题进行了分析;依据中气旋算法发展历程,介绍了中气旋切变算法、中气旋算法及中气旋探测算法,并对当前业务上使用的中气旋算法得到的产品应用及其存在问题作了讨论。

Since more than 90 % of the mesocyclones are accompanied by severe weather such as tornadoes, severe hails, strong winds etc., it is a great significance to identify the mesocyclones and apply to publishing the severe weather warning in real-time for more accurate. At present, only the CINRAD WSR-98 D SA / SB in China has mesocyclone algorithm, which was developed by US National Severe Storms Laboratory, and mesocyclone products. While other types of Doppler radar have to recognize mesocyclone by using radial velocity maps artificially only. This paper reviews the evolution of the mesocyclone criterion for three stages in the operational application, and analyzes some issues in the third stage. Based on the development of the mesocyclone algorithm, this paper introduces the mesocyclone shear algorithm, mesocyclone algorithm and mesocyclone detection algorithm, and discusses the operational applications and the issues of products from the mesocyclone algorithm.