痴呆患者脑CT径线测量与认知功能测评研究

Study on the measurement of cerebral CT radial line measurement and cognitive function in the patients with dementia

目的研究痴呆患者脑CT径线测量结果与认知功能测评结果的特征。方法 选取2014年6月~2016年6月在我院住院治疗的86例痴呆患者,其中48例血管性痴呆（vascular dementia,VD）作为本次研究的VD组;38例阿尔茨海默病患者（Alzheimer＇s disease,AD）作为本次研究的AD组。同时选取同期来我院进行体检的认知功能正常的老年人39例作为本次研究的对照组。分别对三组研究对象进行颅脑CT扫描,并应用简易智力状态检查表（Mini-Mental State Examination,MMSE）、汉密尔顿抑郁量表（Hamilton depressive scale,HAMD）、汉密尔顿焦虑量表（Hamilton anxiety scale,HAMA）对三组研究对象进行神经心理测评。结果 AD组和VD组研究对象头颅CT扫描各径线比较差异有统计学意义（P〈0.05）。AD组研究对象与对照组比较,MMSE各因子分及MMSE总分差异具有统计学意义（P〈0.05）。VD组研究对象与对照组比较,定向力因子分、注意和计算因子分、记忆因子分及MMSE总分差异具有统计学意义（P〈0.05）;而语言因子分、识记因子分比较差异无统计学意义（P〉0.05）。AD组研究对象与VD组相比,其定向力因子分、语言因子分及MMSE总分比较差异具有统计学意义（P〈0.05）。结论阿尔茨海默病患者的脑CT各径线有别于血管性痴呆患者。MMSE总分及其因子分在痴呆患者与正常老年患者之间及不同类型痴呆患者之间存在差异。

Objective To study the characteristics of cerebral CT radial measurement and cognitive function in the pa- tients with dementia. Methods 86 patients with dementia who were admitted to our hospital from June 2014 to June 2016 were selected. 48 patients with vascular dementia（VD） were assigned to the VD group; 38 patients with Alzheimer＇s disease（AD） were assigned to the AD group in this study. At the same time, 39 elderly persons who were given physical examination with normal cognitive function in our hospital were selected as the control group. Three groups of subjects were examined by cerebral CT scan, and Mini-Mental State Examination（MMSE）, Hamilton depressive scale（HAMDl, and Hamilton anxiety scale （HAMA） were used to assess the neuropsychological indicators of the three groups. Results There were statistically significant differences between the AD and VD groups in the cerebral CT scan in the subjects （P〈0.05）. Compared with the control group, there were significant differences in the scores of each factor of MMSE and total score of MMSE in the AD group （P〈0.05）. Compared with the control group, there were statistically significant dif- ferences in the scores of orientation factor, scores of attention and calculation factors, scores of recall factor and total score of MMSE in the VD group （P〈0.05）; but there was no significant difference between the scores of language factor and memory factor（P〉0.05）. Compared with the VD group, there were statistically significant differences in the scores of orientation factor, scores of language factors and total score of MMSE in the AD group（P〈0.05）. Conclusion Each radial line of cerebral CT in the patients with Alzheimer＇s disease are different from those in the patients with vascular de- mentia. Total score of MMSE and the Scores of its factors are different between dementia patients and normal elderly patients, and between different types of dementia patients.