基于回购契约的车辆器材供应链收益协调研究

Profit Coordination of Vehicle Material Supply Chain Based on Buyback Contract

为缓解和消除车辆器材供应链中存在的"双边际效应",降低库存成本,提高后勤保障效益,以军供双方为核心的二级供应链为研究对象,建立基于报童模型的分散式、集成式车辆器材效益模型。讨论两种决策下的最优订货量,并构建基于回购契约的供应链效益模型,对供应链的收益进行协调。数值分析表明:回购契约的采用使得车辆器材的批发价降低,军方的订货量增加,从而使得供应链总体收益增加,在一定程度上降低了由于缺货带来的损失,实现了独立个体最优决策和系统最优决策一致化的供应链协调,节约了军事后勤保障资源,提高了军事后勤的保障效益。

In order to alleviate and eliminate the ＂double marginal effect＂,reduce inventory costs and improve logistics support effectiveness in vehicle material supply chain,the paper establishes a distributed and an integrated vehicle material profit model based on newsvendor model with military-supplier centered two-stage supply chain as the research object. It discusses the optimal order quantity under two kinds of decision-making,and constructs supply chain profit model based on buyback contract to coordinate the profit of the supply chain. The numerical analysis shows that the use of the buyback contract makes the wholesale price of the vehicle material lower and increases the order quantity,which can increase the overall supply chain profit. It reduced the loss due to out of stock and realized the supply chain coordination between independent individual optimal decision and system optimal decision,which can largely save military logistics support resources and improve military logistics support benefit.