2009-2010年新疆偏远农村地区人群血脂异常流行特点

Epidemiological characteristics of dyslipidemia in remote rural areas of Xinjiang, 2009-2010

目的调查新疆偏远农村地区人群血脂异常、高TG血症、高TC血症、高LDL-c血症和低HDL-c血症的患病率，分析其流行特点。方法2009-2010年采用四阶段整群随机抽样的方法，以新疆喀什伽师县、伊犁新源县、克州阿合奇县和塔城沙湾县农村地区18岁以上常住居民（居住时间超过6个月）为调查对象，预计调查13000名，排除长期外出、流动人口后，实际调查12154名。调查内容包括问卷调查、体格检查，抽取空腹静脉血检测TG、TC、LDL-c和HDL-C。经过复杂加权后计算患病率，比较不同性别及年龄组的患病率情况。结果调查对象TG、TC、LDL-c和HDL-C水平分别为（1．34±1．09）、（4．45±1．16）、（2．36±0．86）和（1．37±0．58）mmol／L；经过复杂加权后，血脂异常患病率为35．4％，男性（42．9％）高于女性（29．5％）（X2=234．19，P〈0．001），18～44、45～59、≥60岁分别为35．9％、34．5％、35．1％（x2趋势=1．52，P=0．467）；高TG血症患病率为11．4％，男性（13．5％）高于女性（9．8％）（X2=40．72，P〈0．001），18～44、45～59、〉60岁分别为9．6％、13．0％、13．2％（x2趋势=38．71，P〈0．001）；高TC血症患病率为5．7％，男性（5．0％）低于女性（6．2％）（X2=6．95，P=0．008），18—44、45～59、1〉60岁分别为3．5％、7．4％、8．4％（x2趋势=105．24，P〈0．001）；高LDL-c血症患病率为2．8％，男性（3．0％）和女性（2．4％）之间差异无统计学意义（X2=1．43，P=0．231），18，44、45～59、≥60岁分别为1．6％、3．8％、3．5％（X2趋势=42．81，P〈0．001）；低HDL-C血症患病率为24．0％，男性（31．6％）高于女性（18．0％）（X2=304．02，P〈0．001），18～44、45～59、≥60岁分别为27．8％、20．6％、19．5％（X2趋势=96．61，P〈0．001）。结论新疆偏远农村地区人群血脂异常主要以HDL-C异常为主，男性血脂异常患病率高于女性，血脂异常呈现年轻化趋势。

Objective This study aimed to estimate the prevalence of dyslipidemia, hypertriglyceridemia, hypercholesterolemia, high blood low density lipoprotein cholesterol （LDL-C）, and low blood high density lipoprotein cholesterol （HDL-C） in remote rural areas of Xinjiang and analyze these indicators＇ epidemiological characteristics. Methods A survey of 13 000 individuals （aged ~〉18 years） was conducted using a four-stage cluster random sampling method in Jiashi, Xinyuan, Aheqi, and Shawan Counties, Xinjiang, in 2009-2010. After nonpermanent residents were excluded, 12 154 individuals were included in this study. Questionnaire and physical examinations were conducted, including collection of fasting blood to detect TG, TC, LDL-C, and HDL-C. The results were calculated after complex weighting and compared according to the prevalence of different gender and age groups. Results The overall levels of TG, TC, LDL-C, and HDL-C were 1.34±1.09, 4.45±1.16, 2.36±0.86, and 1.37±0.58 mmol/L, respectively. After complex weighting, the overall prevalence of dyslipidemia was 35.4%; that among men （42.9%） was greater than that among women （29.5%; X2=234.19, P〈0.001）, and the prevalence was 35.9%, 34.5%, and 35.1% （X2=1.52, P=0.467） in participants aged 18-44, 45-59, and ≥60 years, respectively. The overall prevalence of hypertriglyceridemia was 11.4%; that among men （13.5%） was greater than that among women （9.8%; X2= 40.72, P〈0.001）, and the prevalence was 9.6%, 13.0%, and 13.2% （X2=38.71, P〈0.001） in participants aged 18-44, 45-59, and ≥60 years, respectively. The prevalence of hypercholesterolemia was 5.7%; that among men（5.0%） was greater than that among women （6.2%; X2=6.95, P=0.008）, and the prevalence was 3.5%, 7.4%, and 8.4% （X2=105.24, P〈0.001） in participants aged 18-4, 45-59, and ≥60 years, respectively. The prevalence of high blood LDL-C was 2.8%, and there was no significant difference between men （3.0%） and women （2.4%; X2=1.43, P=0.231）; the prevalence was 3.5%, 7.4%, and 8.4% （X2=42.81, P〈0.001） in participants aged 18-44, 45-59, and ≥60 years, respectively. The prevalence of low blood HDL-C was 24.0%; that among men （31.6%） was greater than that among women （18.0%; X2=304.02, P〈0.001）, and the prevalence was 27.8%, 20.6% and 19.5% （X2=96.61, P〈0.001） in participants aged 18-44, 45-59, and 60 years, respectively. Conclusions Low blood HDL-C was the main type of dyslipidemia among the population in remote rural areas of Xinjiang. The prevalence of dyslipidemia among men was greater than that among women, and there was a trend of younger men than women showing dyslipidemia.