Th17、Treg及其平衡在肝癌治疗中的意义

Significance of Th17/Treg balance in pathogenesis and treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma

肝细胞癌是我国常见的恶性肿瘤之一,具有恶性程度高、发展快、易转移等特点.当前治疗方法主要有肝移植、手术切除和局部消融治疗.然而,对于除移植外的所有治疗中,5年后肿瘤复发率高达70%.近几年来,由于常规治疗效果不满意,肝癌的免疫治疗逐渐成为热点.但是肝癌存在严重的肿瘤免疫微环境抑制,影响了肝癌免疫治疗效果.Th17细胞、调节性T细胞(regulatory T cell,Treg)是近年来新发现的CD4^+T细胞亚群,在一定条件下,两者存在相互转化的关系,在维持人体自身免疫稳定和抗肿瘤免疫过程中起着重要作用,他们是形成肝癌微环境免疫抑制的重要成员.以Th17或Treg为靶点的肝癌免疫治疗具有潜在可行性,更多证据表明,Th17/Treg的平衡、失衡机制将为肝癌的免疫治疗提供新的策略.

Hepatocellular carcinoma（HCC） is one of the most common malignant tumors in China,and it is characterized by high malignancy,rapid progression,and easy metastasis.Current treatment options include liver transplantation,surgical resection and local ablative therapy.However,for all except transplantation,tumor recurrence rates are up to 70%after 5 years.In recent years,due to unsatisfying therapeutic effects of conventional therapies,the immune therapy of HCC has gradually become a hot research area.However,there exists a severe tumor immune microenvironment in HCC,which affects the immune therapeutic effects.Regulatory T（Treg） cells and T helper 17（Th17） cells are two newly discovered subsets of CD4-＋T cells.They play crucial roles in the maintenance of immune homeostasis and antitumor immunity,and they are important in forming microenvironmental immune suppression in HCC.Immunotherapy targeting Th17 or Treg cells in HCC appears to have potential feasibility.More evidence show that clarification of Th17/Treg balance and imbalance mechanisms may provide a new strategy for the immunotherapy of HCC.