南海周边相对海平面变化特征及2004年苏门答腊地震影响分析

Studying the characteristics of relative sea level change surrounding the South China Sea and the impact of 2004 Sumatra earthquake

利用南海周边1989-2014年的潮汐资料和GPS长期观测资料,分析了南海周边相对海平面变化特征,以及2004年苏门答腊地震对该区域相对海平面变化的影响。研究结果表明,南海周边的相对海平面变化以上升为主,平均上升速率(4.53±0.20)mm/a,高于全球平均速率,且2004年后上升趋势加剧;南海周边相对海平面呈现6类较典型的变化特征,并存在与板块构造相对应的分区聚集现象,形成了中国东南和越南沿海、马来半岛、加里曼丹岛北部、菲律宾群岛等4个变化特征区。受2004年苏门答腊大地震的影响,马来半岛、南沙和西沙海域的地壳形变由上升趋势转为下沉,加剧了相对海平面的上升;中国东南沿海和菲律宾群岛受地震影响较小;越南沿海和加里曼丹岛北部区域的地震影响还有待进一步研究。

Using global positioning system（GPS）and tide gauge（TG）data surround the South China Sea duringthe period 1989 to 2014,the characteristics of relative sea level change and the effects of the 2004 Sumatra earthquake is analyzed.The research shows that relative sea level is rising surrounding the South China Sea with the rate（4.53±0.20）mm/a which is higher than globally averaged sea level rise,and this trend has been intensified after 2004.Surrounding the South China Sea there are six categories of relative sea-level changes,each has its own style.Corresponding with the plate tectonics,four regions with typical characteristics in sea-level rising have formed：southeast coast of China and Vietnam coast,the Malay Peninsula,the northern part of Kalimantan Island and the Philippine Islands.The earthquake stopped the crustal arise and made Malay Peninsula,Nansha and Xisha in China sink violently,accelerating the rate of relative sea level rising,but has little impact on Chinese southeastern coast and the Philippines,the impact on the northern region of Kalimantan Island and Vietnam coast need follow-up study.