身体感、卫生和建筑——西方18世纪“清洁”和“肮脏”观念的转变对居住空间的影响

Body Sensory,Hygiene and Architecture:The Influence of the Changing Concepts of "Cleanliness" and "Dirty" on Living Space in the West Since the Eighteenth Century

今天居住空间宜居标准中卫生清洁的要求是西方的近现代卫生观念转变的产物。从18世纪开始,"清洁"在身体感知和科学理论的影响下,从讲究礼仪转变为了没有臭味、污物和清洗身体。与此同时,人们也开始注意到居住环境和健康之间的联系。最终,清洁概念被转化为了四个居住空间的卫生要求:通风,隔离有传染性的污秽,设置可供身体清洁的空间和缓解拥挤的状况。本文通过梳理这一过程试图探讨其背后的身体参与和文化建构。

Today＇s sanitary requirement of a pleasant living space is the result of the change of modern hygiene concept in the West. Since the eighteenth Century, under the influence of physical perception and scientific theory, concepts of cleanliness transformed from appearance to absence of foul smell, dirt and cleaning the body. Meanwhile, people had realized there was a connection between the residential environment and health. Ultimately, the concepts of cleanliness were transformed to the four requirement of sanitary living space： ventilation, isolation of infectious contamination, setting up a space for body cleaning and uncrowding. By tracing the history, this paper attempts to explore the body participation and cultural construction behind it.