城市居民初职地位获得影响因素的实证研究

Empirical Research on Factors Affecting the Acquirement of Urban Residents' First Occupation Status

个体初职职业地位获得的时代差异反映了中国社会的变迁机制。基于2009年"职业经历与社会网络"调查数据,运用多分类逻辑回归模型分析了在不同历史时期个体初职职业地位获得的变化。在改革后,教育对个体初职职业地位获得有着重要的影响,但随着改革的推进,教育对个体初职职业地位获得的影响效应在下降。改革过程中,家庭背景因素对子代的初职职业地位获得有着持续性的影响。政治身份仍是决定个体能否成为管理人员的一个重要标准,而它对个体能否成为专业技术人员与普通劳动者则没有显著区别。

In the context of market transition in China, acquirement of their first occupation sta-tus reflectes mobility mechanisms. The analysis of the ＂job experience and social networks＂survey of 2009 shows that：after the reform, an individual＇ s education has a significant influenceon the occupational status of his/her first job, but this influence varies in magnitude across dif-ferent periods, getting lower along with the course of the reform. In the reform process, familybackground factors on early access to vocational occupational status offspring have a lasting im-pact on the reform and opening up. Political identity remains is to determine the individual canbecome an important criterion for management personnel, while the individual can become aprofessional and technical personnel or ordinary workers no significant difference.