理气化痰活血方药对大鼠冠脉微血管血栓形成及阻塞的影响

Effect of Qi-regulating,Phlegm-resolving,and Blood-promoting Prescription on Rat Coronary Microvascular Thrombosis and Coronary Microvascular Occlusion

目的复制大鼠冠脉微血管血栓形成的动物模型,考察理气化痰活血方药对大鼠冠脉微血管血栓形成及血栓阻塞的影响。方法将清洁级健康雄性SD大鼠125只[体重为(300±25)g]顺序编号,采用抽签法随机分为治疗组(n=60)、对照组(n=60)及空白组(n=5)3组,治疗组和对照组大鼠均通过经心尖部向左心室内注射月桂酸钠建立大鼠冠脉微血管血栓形成动物模型,治疗组术前1 d及术后给予理气化痰活血方药灌胃(1 ml/100 g,每日1次),对照组术前1 d及术后给予蒸馏水灌胃(1 ml/100 g,每日1次),两组分别在术后1、24 h,7、14、21、28 d各时间点随机处死5只大鼠,并留取心肌组织;空白组5只大鼠不予任何处理,正常饲养,在28 d时一并处死,留取心肌组织。心肌组织标本经HE染色制作病理切片,观察比较各组大鼠各时间点冠脉微血管血栓形成及微血管血栓阻塞情况。结果治疗组和对照组大鼠经心尖部注射月桂酸钠后1 h即有冠脉微血管血栓形成,24 h左右血栓形成率最高;与空白组比较,治疗组和对照组冠脉微血管均出现不同程度的阻塞情况。治疗组术后各时间点冠脉微血管血栓形成率均明显低于对照组(P<0.05或P<0.01);治疗组冠脉微血管血栓阻塞程度明显轻于对照组(P<0.05或P<0.01)。结论通过注射月桂酸钠可以成功诱导大鼠冠脉微血管血栓形成。理气化痰活血方药可减少大鼠冠脉微血管血栓形成,同时可改善大鼠冠脉微血管血栓阻塞程度。

Objective To explore the effect of qi-regulating, phlegm-resolving, and blood-promoting prescription on coronary microvascular thrombosis and coronary microvascular occlusion in rat models. Methods Totally 125 healthy clean-grade male SD rats weighing （300 ＋ 25 ） g were sequentially numbered and then ran- domly divided into treatment group （ n = 60）, control group （ n = 60） and blank group （ n = 5 ） . Rats in the treatment group and control group received apical left ventricular injection of sodium laurate to establish rat models of coronary microvascular thrombosis. Then, rats in the control group were given distilled water by ga- vage one day before operation and after surgery. In contrast, rats in the treatment group were given qi-regula- ting, phlegm-resolving, and blood-promoting prescription by garage one day before operation and after surgery. Five rats from both treatment group and control group were killed at each of six time points （1 hour, 24th hour, 7th day, 14th day, 21th day, and 28th day）, and the myocardium specimens were harvested. The 5 rats in the blank group did not receive any special treatment and were given normal feeding; in the 28th day, they were sacrificed to obtain the myocardial specimens. Pathological sections of rat myocardial tissues were made to ob- serve and compare the degrees of coronary microvascular thrombosis and coronary microvascular obstruction. Results In the treatment group and the control group, coronary microvascular thrombosis occurred 1 hour af- ter apical sodium laurate injection and reached the peak at the 24th hour. Compared with the blank group, the treatment group and the control group showed different degree of coronary microvascular obstruction. Compari- son between the treatment group and the control group at each time point showed that the coronary microvascular thrombosis in the treatment group was significantly lower than that in the control group （ P 〈 0.05 or P 〈 0.01 ）. The severity of coronary microvascular occlusion was significantly milder in the treatment group than in the control group （ P 〈 0.05 or P 〈 0.01 ） . Conclusions Apical left ventricular injection of sodium laurate successfully established rat models of coronary microvascular thrombosis. Qi-regulating and blood-promoting prescription can reduce coronary microvascular thrombosis and improve cular obstruction. phlegm-resolving, coronary microvas-