固本柔远:从《国朝柔远记》管窥清代治外法律思想

The legal Thoughts of Managing Foreigners in the Qing Dynasty

在研究清代后期思想史时,我们习惯了专注于对"新派"思想的研究,但是若要认识这种文化的碰撞,需注意对"保守"主义者的考察。出于对西洋人传教和通市中鸦片贸易的担心,"固本"、"反本"是应对西方文化的基本态度,而"柔远"则是其基本治外方略。这种态度和方略直接影响了清王朝对于西洋人传教和通市贸易的立法。在成书于清后期的王之春的《国朝柔远记》中,体现了清代士大夫阶层对于自身政教文化的坚持,同时也展示了清王朝在治外政策和法律上的宽容精神,二者构成了王朝的传统内向型治外法律观。

In the study of history of thought in the late Qing Dynasty, we used to focus on the study of＂new idea＂, but if you want to know this kind of culture collision, should pay more attention to the＂conservative＂nationalist. Because of the fear of the western missionaries and the opium trade in China. In this situation,＂Maintain their own culture＂is very important thing to the response to the invasion of western culture. This attitude of scholar of bureaucrat stratum directly affect the legislation of the Qing Dynasty to the western missionaries and the trade of the city. In this book of the management of foreigners in the Qing Dynasty was written by Wang Zhichun. This book is not only reflects the perinsistence of Chinese culture among scholar of bureaucrat stratum , but also shows the spirit of tolerance in the policies and laws.