御灵信仰的时代背景——以律令制为中心

Analysis on the Background of the Belief in Goryo— Centered on the Ritsury

日本自大化改新始,从唐朝导入律令制,并在本土思想的基础上形成了独特的律令社会。平安时代初期,出现了许多因政治上失势而死于非命的官员。当时正值自然灾害和疫病频发,人们便将灾害和疫病归因为这些官员的怨灵作祟。出于敬畏心理,将这些官员的怨灵称为御灵,并在全社会范围内举办御灵会,祭祀御灵神。御灵信仰渐渐作为民间信仰之一被确定下来。

Since the Taika Reform,Japan constantly introduced the Ritsury from Tang Dynasty and formed the distinctive Japanese law and code system on the basis of Japanese native ideologies. At the beginning of Heian Period,a lot of officials failed and died,due to various reasons,like political struggles. Natural disasters and epidemic diseases frequently broke out at that moment,which were attributed to the haunting of the resentful officials. Meanwhile,for reverence,people particularly called these ghosts the Goryo and held the Goryo ceremony all over the country to worship them. Gradually,the worship of Goryo was established as one of folk worships.