我国高校通识教育的理论探索与教学实践

Theoretical Exploration and Teaching Practice of General Education in China's Universities and Colleges

通识教育与专业教育的分化主要是近现代工业化导致教育细分的产物,在高校实现通识教育是当前社会发展的时代性要求。我国高校通识教育近二十年来取得了一些进展与成绩,但与西方发达国家与美国相比还有差距,主要表现在课程设置不够合理,教育观念比较落后,教学方法与管理、教师队伍建设等方面还存在明显的问题,甚至在思想观念上还存在"重理轻文"的普遍社会偏见。要改变现状还需从理论到教学实践的改革,观念上要重视起来,同时注重理论与实践的结合,要有面向未来的世界视野;在教学实践的措施上,从基础设施、课程结构、教学方式等多方面都需要进行"供给侧"的结构性改革。

The division between general education and professional education is a product of education segmentation caused by modern industrialization,while the implementation of general education in universities and colleges is the epochal demand of current social development. In the past 20 years,China has seen some progress and achievements in its general education in universities and colleges,but there are still some gaps compared with western developed countries and the United States,as is manifest in the irrational curriculum,the relatively backward education concept,obvious defects in teaching methods and management,as well as in the teaching staff construction,and even in the ideology of ＂valuing sciences and neglecting humanities＂—a universal social prejudice. To change the status quo,reforms must be made in theory and teaching practice. For one thing,priority must be attached to general education ideologically,and efforts must be made to emphasize the combination of theory with practice as well as to enjoy a future-oriented world vision. For another,as for teaching practice measures,＂the supply side＂structural reform must be made in many aspects such as infrastructure,course structures,and teaching methods,etc.