无人机遥感众创时代

The Mass Innovation Era of UAV Remote Sensing

当代科技发展降低了无人机和遥感器的准入门槛。大众参与为无人机遥感领域注入了巨大的创造力,触发了无人机遥感创新发展的爆发式增长。当前,无人机已成为普适化和平民化的科学手段,无人机遥感数据在众多领域和部门呈现出取代通航遥感和卫星遥感数据的趋势。本文首先对无人机遥感所处的时代特征及其展现的科技特色进行了分析与归纳,然后列举了无人机遥感在抗震救灾、岛礁测绘、极地科考、精准农田管理等领域开展的典型应用,最后从无人机发展所致遥感数据供应结构性调整、无人机遥感地理学研究推动、遥感无人机试验场地布局等方面进行了展望。特别地,针对无人机遥感应用量大面广、数据分布多源异构等特点,本文提出了无人机遥感数据航母的概念。

The contemporary development of science and technology reduced barriers to applying unmanned aerial vehicles （UAV） and remote sensors. Meanwhile, public participation triggered an explosive growth of innovative applications in the field of UAV remote sensing. Therefore, UAVs have become a common means of scientific research. Under some circumstances, the UAV remote sensing data can be used to substitute for the satellite remote sensing data. In this study, the authors firstly systematically summarized both of the features of times and characteristics of science and technology of UAV remote sensing. Then, the authors introduced several fundamental applications including earthquake relief, surveying and mapping of islands and reefs, Antarctic scientific expedition, accurate farmland management, etc. Thirdly, the authors put forward some future directions from the aspects of the stimulation of restructuring of remote sensing data supply, the promotion of comprehensive perspective in geography research as well as the necessity of planning of UAV remote sensing testing sites. In particular, a concept of UAV remote sensing data cartier was proposed.