高速公路对路域植被影响的时空格局变化遥感监测分析

Analysis of Expressway′s Impact on Vegetation in Its Spatial and Temporal Variation Based on Remote Sensing Monitoring

植被覆盖动态监测及与生态环境变化的响应是陆地生态系统研究的重要内容。本文以不同时相的TM遥感影像为信息源,基于辐射传输模型PROSAIL,定量反演了不同时期高速公路两侧植被的叶面积指数,以反演的叶面积指数作为路域植被生长状况的监测指标,对实验区路域植被的生长状况进行了时空格局变化的动态遥感监测研究。研究表明:(1)在时间上,路域植被的生长状况在高速公路开通后5年内受到的影响相对最大;(2)在空间上,离高速公路越近的植被的生长状况受到的影响较大,离高速公路越远的植被的生长状况受到的影响较小。本研究为监测路域植被生长状况提供了重要的方法,为指导路域植被的生态恢复与保护提供了可靠的基础。

Vegetation dynamics and their coupled relations with ecology are current research hot spots in exploring how the terrestrial ecosystems respond to the climate systems. We have obtained the vegetation leaf area index on both sides for the expressway in the research area, based on the simulations which use the PROSAIL and TM images as the information source. We studied the dynamic changes of road vegetation growth status with LAI from aspects of time and space. The results are shown as follows. （1） The temporal change of vegetation growth pattern in the expressway region shows that： the temporal growth condition of the roadside vegetation is influenced heavily in the first 5-year period after a new expressway has opened. （2） The spatial change of vegetation growth pattern in the expressway region shows that： the spatial growth condition of the roadside vegetation is heavily impacted within the regions that are closer to the expressway, while the vegetation located far from the expressway is mildly affected. Generally, this research provides reliable basic data for guiding the vegetation restoration and protection.