北京老年人高同型半胱氨酸血症的危险因素分析

Analysis of the risk factors for hyperhomocysteinemia in Beijing elderly population

目的分析北京地区老年人高同型半胱氨酸血症（HHcy）患病的危险因素。方法通过入户调查、体格检查等方法调查北京城乡60岁及以上老年人1460例（男性638例，女性822例），并抽血进行血生化及血浆同型半胱氨酸（Hcy）水平的测定，分析HHcy患病的相关危险因素。结果以Hcy≥15μmol／L为标准，HHcy总患病率达74．4％，男性（86．2％）高于女性（63．8％）（X^2=-74．333，P〈0．01），农村（75．8％）高于城市（73．0％）（X^2=2．931，P〉0．05）；65岁以上Hcy水平随年龄增长呈上升趋势；无配偶、低文化程度、常吸烟、饮酒、食用动物油、较少食用白肉（鸡、鸭、鱼、虾）、鸡蛋、牛奶、蔬果以及患泌尿系统疾病、肿瘤类疾病的老年人HHcy患病率增加，差异有统计学意义（均P〈0．01）；体力劳动者HHcy患病率高于脑力劳动者（P〈0．05）。结论男性、高龄、无配偶、低文化程度、经常食用动物油是HHcy患病的独立危险因素。

Objective To investigate the risk factors for Hyperhomocysteinemia（HHcy） in Beijing elderly population. Methods This research investigated 1 460 individuals beyond 60 years old（638 male, 822 female）from Beijing. The basic information from samples was collected by using questionnaires and physical examination. The level of plasma Homocysteine（Hcy）was measured and analyzed for the risk factors of HHcy. HHcy was defined as greater than 15μmol/L, which is the upper 95th percentile. Results 74.4% of the sample in Beijing elderly people had HHey syndrome. The proportion of HHcy was significantly higher in men（86.2%）than in women（63.8%） （X^2=74. 333,P〈0.01）. The proportion of HHcy was higher in rural（75.8%）than in urban（73.0%） （X^2= 2. 931,P〉0.05）. Serum Hcy level rose along with ageing in people beyond age of 65. The incidence of H Hcy was increased in the elderly people with no spouse,low educational level,smoking, drinking, eating animal oil and less consumption of white meat（chicken, duck, fish and shrimp）, eggs, milk, fruits and vegetables, and suffering from urinary system diseases, tumor diseases （all P〈 0.01 ）. The incidence of HHey was higher in manual workers than in the knowledge workers（P〈0.05）. Conclusions Multivariate analysis shows that risk factors for H Hcy are male,elderly,no spouse,low educational level and regular use animal oil in cooking.