不同苯板覆盖率对水面蒸发影响的实验研究

Effects of with Different Covering Rates of Polystyrene Board on Water Evaporation

蒸发是干旱、半干旱地区水量损失的重要因素。为了减少蒸发造成的水量损失,于2014年4—10月在现代节水灌溉兵团重点实验室进行了不同面积苯板覆盖水面,消减蒸发的节水试验。对4个蒸发池采用其25%、50%、75%和100%面积的苯板进行覆盖处理。结果表明:试验期间不同面积苯板覆盖水面与无覆盖相比,分别消减了23.85%、39.63%、55.54%和63.85%的蒸发水量。通过对水质测试发现:除总盐和悬浮物含量明显降低外,其他指标未发现显著变化,水质满足农业灌溉标准。其中,水的总盐和悬浮物含量分别降低17.3%和67.1%,该指标的降低,减小了土壤盐化和滴灌滴水孔阻塞的风险。可见,采用苯板覆盖水面消减蒸发效果明显,对提高当地水资源利用率有着重要意义。

Evaporation is a vital factor of water loss in arid and semiarid areas. In order to reduce water loss from evaporation,an experiment on the effect of polystyrene board with different covering rates on the reduction of water evaporation was carried out in the Key Laboratory of Modern Water-Saving Irrigation of Xinjiang Corps of Production Construction during the period from April to October 2014. There were 4 evaporation pools covered by polystyrene board with different covering rates,i. e. 25%,50%,75% and 100%. Experimental results demonstrated that the water evaporations from the evaporation pools covered by polystyrene board with different covering rates were reduced by 23. 85%,39. 63%,55. 54% and 63. 85% respectively compared with the contrast. The water quality test revealed that the total salinity and suspended solid content were significantly decreased,but there were no obvious changes in other indexes,and the water quality was reached to the standard of agricultural irrigation.The total salinity and suspended solid content were decreased by 17. 3% and 67. 1%,which could reduce the risk of soil salinization and drip-hole blocking. Thus the effect of inhibiting water evaporation by polystyrene board was obvious,and it is of critical significance for increasing the utilization rate of water resources.