新疆西昆仑山豆科植物区系分析

Flora of the Leguminosae in the West Kunlun Mountain in Xinjiang

通过野外实地考察和标本资料,研究表明:新疆西昆仑山豆科植物共计有7族12属67种,分别占新疆豆科属、种总数的25.53%和15.51%。该区豆科植物多生于山地,区系中单种属(6属)和寡种属(4属)共计10属,所占比例较高,但多种属(棘豆、黄耆)2属含47种,分别占属、种总数的16.67%和70.15%,优势明显。植物生活型以地面芽植物(多年生草本)为优势,有55种,占82.09%;其他1啊生植物、灌木、半灌木、垫状灌木合12种,共占17.91%,有一定的适应性。该区豆科植物属的地理成分具明显的温带性质,其区系中温带及含温带分布的属有10属,占总属数的83.33%。本区与帕米尔高原豆科共有属有11属,属的相似性系数高达73.33%,表明两地豆科植物关系密切;而与喀喇昆仑山的相似性系数较低,5个共有属集中于高海拔区,表明两地高海拔区有较密切联系。

Through field on-the-spot investigation,the study showed that there are totally 67 species and 1 variety in 12 genera and 7 families of Leguminous in the west Kunlun Mountain in Xinjiang,and the species and genera account for 25. 53% and 15. 51% of the Leguminous plants in Xinjiang respectively. The Leguminous plants in the study area grow mainly in the mountainous region. In the flora,there are 6 monotypic genera and 4 few-species genera,and their proportions area high. There are 2 multi-species genera（ Oxytropis and Astragalus） containing 47 species,the proportions of genera and species account for 16. 67% and 70. 15% respectively,and their advantages are obvious. Plant life form is dominated by hemicryptophyte（ perennial herb）,and there are 55 species accounting for 82. 09%; there are also 12 species of other therophytes,shrubs,subshrubs and cushion shrubs,accounting for 17. 91%,and they have a certain adaptability. In the study area,the geographical elements of Leguminous plants own an obvious temperate nature. In its flora,there are totally 10 genera distributed in temperate zone and cold temperate zone,which account for 83. 33% of the total genera. There are totally 11 genera of Leguminosae in this district and the Pamirs in China,and the similarity coefficient of the genera is as high as 73. 33%,which shows that Leguminous plants in the two districts have close relations; the similarity coefficient with the Karakorum Mountain is low,and the 5 shared genera grow intensively in the areas with high altitude,which shows that the areas with high altitude in the two districts have close relations.