跨国技术战略联盟“跨边界”立体学习模型研究

Research on the “Cross Border” Three-dimensional Learning Model of Cross-national Strategic Alliances

越来越多的中国高技术企业通过与跨国公司形成跨国技术战略联盟,进行技术学习、知识转移和创新。以往的研究仅关注联盟的平面学习过程,本研究则聚焦于先前的跨国技术战略联盟学习过程是否与当前跨国技术战略联盟学习质量共同作用于企业的创新过程。我们利用跨国技术战略联盟企业问卷调查数据,建立结构方程模型,研究跨国技术战略联盟企业的"跨边界"立体学习过程。研究结果表明:第一,先前跨国技术战略联盟学习过程包括了探索、甄别、吸收、应用和创造过程,并且对当前跨国联盟学习质量(学习效果和学习速度)产生影响;第二,当前跨国技术战略联盟学习质量在先前联盟学习过程和创新绩效之间产生中介作用;第三,具有不同文化距离、国际化经验和战略资源互补性的联盟企业,其创新效果有差异。本研究对我国高技术企业组建跨国技术战略联盟、进行联盟技术学习和知识转移有重要的理论和实践意义。

More and more high-tech firms in China establish cross-national technology strategic alliances with multi-national corporations to do technology learning, knowledge transfer and innovation. Previous research only focuses on plane learning process of alliances, and this paper pays attention to the joint role of previous learning process of cross-national technology strategic alliances and current learning quality of cross-national technology strategic alliances in firm innovation. It uses the survey of cross-national technology strategic alliance enterprises to establish a structural equation model （SEM） and study“cross-border”three-dimensional learning process of cross-national technology strategic alliance enterprises. It comes to the results as follows： firstly, previous cross-national technology strategic alliances’ learning process includes exploration, screening, absorption, application and creation, and has effects on current cross-national alliance learning quality （learning effect and learning speed）;secondly, current learning quality of cross-national technology strategic alliances plays a mediator role in the relationship between previous alliances’ learning process and innovation performance;thirdly, alliance enterprises’ innovation performance varies with cultural distance, international experience and strategic resources complementarity. It is of great theory and practice significance to the construction of cross-national technology strategic alliances, alliance technology learning and knowledge transfer in Chinese high-tech enterprises.