人工湿地温室气体释放、影响及其控制

Emissions,Influence and Control of Greenhouse Gases in Constructed Wetlands

人工湿地被认为是低成本、低能耗、多功能的可持续污水处理技术。然而,人工湿地在处理污水过程中也会释放可观的温室气体(CO_2、CH_4和N_2O),对环境可能造成潜在的"二次污染",有将水污染转嫁为大气污染之嫌。在《巴黎气候协定》签署的背景下,人工湿地温室气体释放确实不可小觑。首先介绍了人工湿地温室气体释放机制;然后分析了各类人工湿地温室气体释放特征,并与传统污水处理方式进行横向对比;阐明了植物、填料、季节、进水负荷以及水文条件等对人工湿地温室气体释放的影响,最后指出控制人工湿地温室气体释放的技术途径。

Due to its lo wetlands （CWs） have always w cost and energy consumption and more significant functions, constructed been regarded as sustainable wastewater treatment technologies. However, CWs may also cause a secondary pollution to the environment because of its considerable emission of greenhouse gases （GHGs）, including CO2, CH4 and N2O, and are under suspicion of transferring water pollution to air pollution. Under the circumstance of signing the Paris Agreement whose core is controlling climate change, more attention should be paid to CWs＇ GHGs emission. The mechanisms and characteristics of GHGs emission in different types of CWs were introduced and analysed, followed by the comparisons between CWs and conventional wastewater treatment processes. The influences of wetland plants, substrates, season, influent loading rate and hydrological conditions on GHGs emission were discussed. Finally, several technical approaches to control GHGs emission from CWs were recommended.