苏州市城区水环境治理实践及思考

Practice and Reflection on Water Environment Treatment in Urban Area of Suzhou

受近代工业化、城市化发展的影响,自20世纪70年代后期起苏州城区河道常年黑臭,影响城市形象。历届政府均高度重视城区水环境治理,但成效不明显。2012年,苏州启动城区新一轮水环境治理,围绕"截污、清淤、活水、保洁"四个环节,实施了双增一降、干河清淤、自流活水、科技保洁等全新的的整治措施,城区河道彻底摆脱黑臭现象。2014年、2015年河道水质年均值均优于Ⅳ类水标准,城区河道有序流动,水生态也逐渐恢复。苏州城区河道治理已基本完成从初级"污染控制"到中级"生态恢复"的转变,下阶段城区河道治理可逐渐进入"人水和谐发展"的高级阶段,从服务民生、服务生态、服务发展的角度,思考谋划下阶段的目标及措施。

With the influence of industrialization and urbanization, since the late 1970s, the rivers in the urban area of Suzhou have been perennially black and odorous, affecting the city image. Successive municipal governments have attached great importance to urban water environment control, but the effect was not obvious. In 2012, a new wave of water environment control started, which focused on four steps of pollutant intercepting, desilting, water running and cleaning and implemented a programme of increasing sewage collection volume and influent pollutant concentration, decreasing the liquid level in sewer systems, main river desilting, gravity running water and scientific cleaning. The urban rivers are no longer black and odorous. The annual averages of fiver water quality in 2014 and 2015 were better than the class Ⅳ criteria, and urban rivers are orderly flowing, and the water ecology is gradually restored. The urban rivers treatment in Suzhou has finished the primary stage of pollution control, and is turning to the intermediate stage of ecological restoration, and the next phase of urban rivers treatment aims at the advanced stage of harmonious development between human and water, with the consideration of serving people＇ s livelihood, serving ecosystem and development.