大鼠烧伤模型构建实验的系统评价

Development of Animal Burn Models in Rats: A Systematic Review

目的 系统评价大鼠烧伤模型构建方法、流程和评价标准。方法 计算机检索MEDLINE、EMbase、CBM、CNKI、VIP和Wan Fang Data,检索时间自建库截至2016年2月。纳入大鼠烧伤模型构建的动物实验。由2位研究者独立进行文献筛选、数据提取、质量评价和结果分析。结果 共纳入15篇大鼠烧伤模型构建实验,涉及38个烧伤实验组。研究结果显示：1烧伤深度：Ⅱ°烧伤占50.00%,Ⅲ°占21.05%。2诱导方式：80.00%采用高温液体或高温固体接触诱导烧伤。3烧伤部位：93.33%烧伤诱导部位为背部。4诱导温度：66.67%诱导温度范围在80-100℃。5诱导时间：86.67%诱导时间范围在3-25秒。6麻醉方式：40.00%采用戊巴比妥钠腹腔注射麻醉。7备皮处理：60.00%报告了物理或化学备皮方法。8术后环境：13.33%报告术后大鼠安置环境温度。9术后干预：13.33%报告术后抗休克治疗。10评价指标：均采用宏观大体观察和微观组织观察结果评价烧伤深度。结论基于当前实验,大鼠烧伤模型构建集多中在Ⅱ-Ⅲ°烧伤,采用80-100℃液体或固体介质,在30秒内诱导大鼠背部烧伤;并辅以备皮、麻醉、抗休克或镇痛处理;基于宏观和微观观察结果评价烧伤模型。但是,目前仍缺乏标准的建模方法、流程、评价指标及报告形式。

Objective To assess the methods, processes and evaluation criteria of burn models in rats. Methods Databases including MEDLINE, EMbase, CBM, CNKI, VIP and WanFang Data were electronically searched from inception to February 2016. The animal studies of burn models development in rats were included. Two reviewers independently screened literatures, extracted data, assessed the quality of included studies, and analyzed the outcomes.Results Fifteen studies including 38 burn groups were identified. The results indicated： （1） depth of burn： 50.00% burn models were partial thickness burn （Ⅱ°）, and 21.05% were full thickness burn （Ⅲ°）. （2） methods of induction： 80.00% burn models were developed through high temperature liquid or solid tools. （3） burn sites： 93.33% burns were on the back of rats. （4） induction temperature： 66.67% induction temperature was between 80 ℃ and 100 ℃ . （5） induction time： 86.67% induction time was between 3 seconds and 100 seconds. （6） anesthesia： 40.00% rats were anesthetized with intraperitoneal injection of pentobarbital sodium. （7） skin preparation： 60.00% studies reported the skin was prepared by physical and chemical methods. （8） housing post surgery： 13.33% studies reported the housing temperature post surgery. （9） intervention post surgery： 13.33% studies reported antishock treatment. （10） assessment criteria： almost all studies evaluated the depth of burn through the macroscopic and microcosmic assessment. Conclusion Based on current animal studies, most burn models in rats are partial thickness and full thickness burn on the back of rats. Burn is inducted mainly by 80℃ to 100℃ hot liquid or solid tools within 30 seconds, according with skin preparation, anesthesia, antishock or analgesia management. The depth of burn is evaluated by the macroscopic and microcosmic assessment.However, there is no standard for the methods, processes, assessment and reporting of development of burn model in rats.