基于保护感知视角的保护区农户保护态度与行为研究

Farmer protection attitudes and behavior based on protection perception perspective for protected areas

保护区周边社区农户作为生物多样性保护最重要的主体之一,其保护态度和生态保护行为对生物多样性保护成效至关重要,同时也关系到区域的可持续发展。基于中国7省40个保护区周边社区的调研数据,通过结构方程模型检验,从农户保护感知视角出发,检验其对保护态度和生态保护行为的影响,同时验证保护工作感知是否存在中介效应。研究结果表明,保护成本感知对保护态度有负向显著影响,对生态保护行为无显著影响;保护工作感知和收益感知对保护态度和生态保护行为均有正向显著影响。保护成本感知对工作感知产生负向影响但不显著;而保护收益感知对工作感知产生正向显著影响,反映出其不仅能直接正向影响保护态度和生态保护行为,还能通过保护工作感知产生间接正向影响,印证了工作感知的中介效应。

Protected areas surrounding communities is one of the most important subjects in biodiversity protection. Their protection attitudes and ecological protection behaviors play crucial roles in biodiversity protection efforts and are related to sustainable development of the region. Based on survey data from seven provinces 40 nature reserves surrounding communities, we used structural equation modeling to test how farmers＇ protection perception influence protection attitudes and ecological protection behavior. We verified whether the protection work perception intermediary effect exists. We found that protection costs perception had a negative significant effect on protection attitude. There is no significant effect of protection cost effects on ecological protection behavior. Work perception and beneficial perception both had positive significant effects on protection attitudes and behavior. Protection costs perception had a non-significant negative effect on work perception. Protection beneficial perception had a positive significant effect on work perception, and not only directly affects protection attitudes and behavior, but can pass the indirect positive impacts by work perception, verifying the mesomeric effect of work perception. The process of social development is comprehensive development. Biodiversity and cultural diversity should receive equal attention to protection. When focusing on the direct cost benefit protection, we need to protect the interests of the other at the same time, including cultural inheritance and religious beliefs. Biodiversity conservation should pay equal attention to cultural diversity protection. Three policy suggestions were put forward on this basis. First, the government should perfect related compensation systems of nature reserves, especially the wildlife accident compensation system. Second, we should pay more attention to community work and set up a special fund for community co-management. Third, the nature reserve should increase protection benefits surrounding communities through a variety of forms, strengthen community participation ability, and improve farmer protection enthusiasm.