甲壳素生产工艺中虾蛋白回收工艺研究

Study on the Process of Shrimp Protein Recovery for Chitin Production

以甲壳素生产工艺中虾加工下脚料为原料,采用超声辅助酶解工艺提取蛋白,喷雾干燥工艺制备蛋白粉,并采用响应面优化其酶解工艺。结果表明,动物水解蛋白酶为最适水解酶,其最适酶解条件为超声波处理时间28min、提取温度54℃、pH 7.4,此条件下蛋白质提取率最高,达50.50%;最佳离心喷雾干燥的条件为进风温度180℃,物料温度40℃,进料速率10-12 m L/min;在该条件下制备的虾蛋白粉,经检测其所含水分5.56%、蛋白质79.57%、脂肪4.93%、灰分5.41%,可作为优良饲料添加剂,也可作为动物初期生长的高效营养饲料成分。

The experiment was based on the raw material of shrimp scraps utilized in production process of chitin. The protein of the raw material was extracted by enzymatic method with the assistance of ultrasonic wave, and the shrimp protein powder was produced by spray-drying process. The enzymatic hydrolysis process was optimized through the response surface. The results showed that the most suitable hydrolysis enzyme was animal hydrolyzing protease, and the optimal hydrolysis condition was： 28 min of ultrasonic treatment time, 54 ℃ of extraction temperature, 7.4 of pH. The extraction rate of protein was the highest under these conditions, and the maximum protein extraction rate was 50.50%; The optimal wind entering and material temperature were 180 ℃ and 40 ℃, respectively, and the optimal material entering rate was 10-12 mL/min; The protein powder that was produced under the conditions, contained 5.56% moisture content, 79.57% protein, 4.93% fat, and 5.41% ash. The protein powder could be as a condiment, feed additives, or as a complement to the functional food ingredients.