基于老年综合评估的路径式护理干预对老年骨质疏松患者生活质量的影响研究

Study for the effect of path nursing intervention based on CGA on the quality of life for elderly patients with osteoporosis

目的在改善老年骨质疏松患者生活质量的干预过程中引入老年综合评估(CGA),探讨路径式综合护理干预对患者生活质量的影响。方法选取2014年8月-2016年1月在我院骨科住院的骨质疏松老年患者98例,随机分为对照组和干预组各49例,对照组实施常规骨科专科护理,CGA组在骨科专科护理基础上实施路径化的CGA护理干预和随访,在干预前和干预6个月后,采用世界卫生组织生活质量量表对两组患者进行测评,比较两组患者干预前后生活质量效果及对治疗护理工作的满意度。结果路径式综合护理干预后,CGA组在生理领域、心理领域、独立性领域、社会关系领域、环境领域、精神支柱/个人信仰/宗教领域、总体生活质量方面等各个方面评分及出院后6个月CGA组患者对治疗护理满意度与对照组比较均明显提高,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论将CGA纳入临床综合护理干预路径,对老年骨质疏松症患者施行个性化护理干预,能够提高患者的生活质量。

Objective To introduce comprehensive geriatric assessment（CGA） during the intervention to improve the quality of life for elderly patients with osteoporosis, and to investigate the effect of comprehensive path nursing intervention on the quality of life of patients. Methods 98 patients admitted to our hospital of orthopedic from Au- gust,2014 to January, 2016 were selected for the study. All of them were randomly divided into control group and intervention group with 49 cases in each group. The control group were given routine nursing of orthopedic specialist, based on which intervention group were given path of CGA nursing intervention and followed up. Before intervention and after six months of intervention, two groups of patients were tested by using the world health organization quality of life scale, and their effect on quality of life and satisfaction degree of treatment and nursing work were compared before and after the intervention. Results After path-style comprehensive nursing intervention, scores of intervention group in physical domain, psychological domain, independent domain, social relations, environment, spiritual support, personal beliefs, religious field, general quality of life and their satisfaction for treatment and nursing after discharge six months later were significantly higher than that of the control group, and differences were statistically significant （P 〈 0.05）. Conclusion Incorporating CGA into clinical comprehensive personalized nursing intervention path can significantly improve the quality of life of elderly patients with osteoporosis.