向家坝工程扰动边坡微生物群落功能多样性分析

Functional diversity of microbial community at various types of slopes in disturbed area of Xiangjiaba Hydropower Station

为揭示不同修复类型土壤的微生物群落特征和生态功能,选取金沙江流域向家坝工程扰动区框格梁覆土、厚层基材、弃渣地3种不同修复模式的边坡,通过Biolog方法分析微生物功能多样性、代谢活性以及群落结构。结果表明:厚层基材边坡土样平均光密度值(AWCD)最高,框格梁覆土边坡次之,而弃渣地边坡土壤最低。厚层基材边坡微生物对6类碳源的利用能力均较强,框格梁覆土边坡微生物对糖类、羧酸、脂肪酸以及胺类碳源的利用效率较好,弃渣地边坡微生物仅对羧酸类的碳源具有较好的利用能力;不同修复类型边坡微生物群落Shannon指数、碳源利用丰富度指数、均匀度指数及Simpson指数变化趋势整体表现为厚层基材边坡>框格梁覆土边坡>弃渣地边坡;厚层基材边坡土壤微生物群落多样性、生理功能多样性以及代谢活性均优于其他修复类型边坡土壤,而弃渣地边坡土壤为最差。

To reflect microbial community characteristics and ecological functions in the soils repaired in different modes,taking three types of repaired slopes（ thick layer substrate soil,framed beam with covered soil,discarded residue soil） in the construction- disturbed area of Xiangjiaba Hydropower Project in Jinsha River basin as test objects,we analyzed the microbial functional diversity,metabolic activity and community structure by Biolog method. The results show： AWCD of thick layer substrate soil is the highest,followed by framed beam with covered soil,and discarded residue soil is the lowest. Microbe of thick layer substrate soil has a stronger ability of utilizing carbon sources of 6 types; microbe of framed beam with covered soil has good efficiency in utilizing the carbon source of carbohydrates,carboxylic acids,fatty acid and amino acids while that of discarded residue soil only has a good ability of utilizing carboxylic acids; the Shannon index,carbon source utilization richness index and homogeneity index,and Simpson index of microbial community decrease in the downward sequence of thick layer substrate slope,framed beam slope with covered soil,discarded residue slope; the microbial functional diversity,physiological functional diversity and metabolic activity of microbial community of thick layer substrate slope is better than other types of repaired soil slope,and the discarded residue slope soil is the worst.