基于筑坝材料适用性的土石坝工程质量风险讨论

Discussion on engineering quality risk based on applicability of filling materials for rolled earth-rock filled dam

依据设计规范,概括了对于碾压式土石坝筑坝材料和大坝填筑的设计要求。列举了若干土石坝建设过程中由于忽视筑坝材料适用性问题导致的事故。通过对问题处理过程或事故经验的总结,阐明了土石坝工程质量风险的特点。强调应重视土石坝设计阶段对筑坝材料适用性的充分论证,以及实际施工之前针对实际用料适用性和填筑施工要求的及时而充分的复核试验研究。只有掌握这些风险特点,才能更好地管控风险;且一旦出现事故,在分析原因时也能够更加贴近事实,减少分歧。

According to design code for rolled earth- rock filled dams,design requirements for filling materials and filling construction are summarized. Several dams accidents due to ignoring applicability of filling materials are exemplified. The characteristics of engineering quality risk are expounded through summarizing the problem tackling process and accident experiences. It is emphasized that the applicability of filling materials should be confirmed thoroughly in design phase,and the applicability of actual filling materials and construction requirements should be checked by adequate tests promptly before construction. Recognition of these risk characteristics is beneficial to controlling risk better and adhering to facts and reducing disputes in cause anlysis once accident happens.