女演员表演的困境——论田村俊子的“女演员的故事”

The Dilemma of the Actress: On Tamura Toshiko's Story of the Actress

日本大正时期(1912-1925)最负盛名的女性作家田村俊子,站在日本近代女演员诞生的源头,通过自身经历和身边事而创作的一系列"女演员的故事",即《秋海棠》《嘲弄》《后台》《白昼之暴虐》等作品,真实生动地塑造了一群在表演路上执着追梦、刻苦训练、独立自主的女演员形象。通过文本细读并结合同时代女演员诞生的社会背景去阐释小说中女演员在表演路上所遭遇的困境,认为在长期以来都由男性来扮演女性角色的男权舞台上,以表演主体的女性开拓能够表达自我的女演员这一新职业所遭遇的困境也是打破封建因袭并获得社会地位的"新女性"的诞生的必经之路。

Tamura Toshiko, the highly prestigious female writer of Japan＇s Taisho Period, was the symbol of modern Japanese actress. Based on her own experiences and things around, she created such a series of actresses＇ stories as Begonia, Mocking, Backstage and Tyranny of day. All of her works truly and vividly describe a group of independent actresses who held fast to their dreams and sweat for their trainings. The paper examines the difficulties before them in their acting careers through relishing the texts in detail and referring to the social background in which the contemporary actresses appeared. And the writer believes that on the patriarchal stage where the male has long been playing as female characters, the female exploration, with the performance as the mainstream, can show the formidable plights in this new occupation and simultaneously contribute to break through the patriarchal confinement and to carve out a social status for the new female. But all of this is necessary for them to perform the acting.