细胞间黏附分子5在树突棘发育和突触可塑性中的研究进展

The study advancement of intercellular adhesion molecule 5 in spine development and synaptic plasticity

诸多神经精神性疾病的发生均伴有树突棘发育异常。免疫球蛋白超家族成员细胞间黏附分子5(intercellular adhesion molecule 5,ICAM5)是一个通过抑制树突棘成熟,将其维持在丝状形态的跨膜蛋白,它只表达于端脑兴奋性神经元,可能与树突棘发育、突触可塑性乃至学习记忆密切相关。现综述了ICAM5的发现和特征、分子结构、基因结构、在树突棘发育过程中的作用,以及与脆性X综合征等疾病的关系,试图为阐明发育阶段脑神经元异常树突棘形成的机制提供线索。

The abnormal spine morphogenesis accounts for many psychiatric and neurodevelopmental disorders. The neural-specific immunoglobulin superfamily member intercellular adhesion molecule 5 （ICAM5, also called telencephalin） has been first identified as a member of the ICAM family of adhesion proteins to regulate dendritic maturation in the developing brain. The expression of ICAM5 is restricted to neurons in the telencephalon, and it is postulated to play an important role in spine development, synaptic plasticity, and learning and memory. In order to clarify the mechanism by which it induces abnormalities in dendritic spines, we summarize the expression, structure and function of ICAM5, and discuss its potential impact on diseases of the developing brain.