护理人员情绪劳动现状及其影响因素分析

Current situation and influencing factors of nurses′emotional labor

目的了解护理人员情绪劳动的现状及其影响因素,为护理管理者实施相关干预提高工作效率提供参考。方法采用护士情绪劳动量表、工作压力反应量表及工作满意度量表,对195名护理人员进行问卷调查。结果护士情绪劳动总得分为(49.87±12.77)分,得分率59.37%。年龄、所在科室、工作年限、班次、对专业的兴趣、对专业的前景态度影响护士情况劳动得分(P<0.05,P<0.01)。情绪劳动与工作压力反应得分呈正相关,与工作满意度呈负相关(均P<0.01)。影响护士情绪劳动得分的独立因素包括工作压力、所在科室。结论护理人员情绪劳动处于中等偏高水平,尤其是工作压力反应较大的科室护士,有必要采取有效的干预措施进行干预。

Objective To understand current situation and influencing factors of nurses＇emotional labor, and to provide resources for nurses＇ work efficiency improvement schemes. Methods A total of 195 nurses were surveyed with Emotional Labour Scale （ELS）, Work-Related Stress Reaction Scale and Job Satisfaction Scale. Results The nurses scored （49.87±12.77） points in emotional labor, with a scoring rate of 59.37%. Nurses＇ages,the departments where nurses worked, length of service, work shifts, interest in nursing specialty, attitude towards the outlook of nursing specialty, influenced nurses＇emotional labor（P〈0.05, P〈0.01）. Emotional labor was positively correlated to work-related stress reaction, and negatively correlated to job satisfaction （P〈0. 01 for both）. The factors influencing nurses＇emotional labor were work-related stress and the departments where they worked. Conclusion Nurses exert a lot in emotional labor, especially for those who have a lot of work-related stress. Therefore effective measures should be taken to intervene.