新常态下资源型老工业城市的转型研究——基于生态位区域特征的视角

Transformative Development of Resource-dependent Old Industrial Cities under New Normal: Based on Niche Theory with Regional Characteristics

新常态转型压力下,如何评价老工业城市的转型效果,制定合理的区域转型发展政策,是老工业城市亟待解决的问题之一。本研究从系统工程视角,构建了基于生态位理论的城市转型评价指标体系,并以全国53个资源型老工业城市为研究对象,采用定量分析方法,运用《中国城市统计年鉴2014》《中国区域经济统计年鉴2014》和各城市2013年国民经济和社会统计公报相关数据,对资源型老工业城市在经济、社会、生活、环境和管理五个方向维度上所具有的生态位区域特征进行了实证分析。研究发现不同地区资源型老工业城市转型的经济社会基础不尽相同,并且还具有区域内高重叠度的特征,区域内城市间竞争较为激烈。在资源型老工业城市转型规划政策制定时,应针对城市不同发展阶段,制定不同的转型发展规划政策,以契合各地实际情况。同时在转型战略制定时,也应注重差异化,充分发掘城市自身的优势特色,尽量避免过度的竞争冲突。

Under pressure of new normal transformation, how to evaluate the effect of the transformation in old industrial cities, for making reasonable transformation of regional development policy, is one of the problems urgently to be solved for the old industrial cities. From systems engineering perspective, this study constructed the evaluation index system of city transformation based on the theory of ecological niche. And then we apply the index system to the urban transformation of regional ecosystem evaluation, using quantitative analysis of the country＇s 53 resource-dependent old industrial cities. The regional ecological characteristics in economy, society, life, environment and management are obtained. This paper found that different resource-dependent old industrial cities have different economic and social basis,and they also have the characteristics of regional high degree of overlap in a region. When planning policy of resource-dependent old industrial cities, the government should pay attention to the different developmental stages of the city, make it fit the actual development. When comes to transition strategy, the government should also pay attention to the differentiation,fully utilize the city＇s own superiority characteristic,try to avoid excessive competition.