初产妇育儿自我效能和压力的调查分析

Correlation between parenting self-efficacy and perceived stress of primiparas

目的了解初产妇的育儿自我效能及压力情况,并分析其相关性。方法采用育儿胜任感量表效能分量表、压力知觉量表中文版对220例初产妇进行横断面调查,分析初产妇育儿自我效能与压力的相关性。结果初产妇育儿自我效能总得分为(34.15±0.23)分,其中得分最高的条目为"我能胜任母亲的工作,而且任何困难均可迎刃而解"(4.43±0.76)分,得分最低的条目为"作为母亲的我感到很困惑的是不知道自己做得是否称职"(3.34±0.52)分。初产妇压力总得分为(26.23±5.46)分,其中得分最高的条目为"感觉到问题在不断地累积而不能得到解决"(3.76±0.63)分,得分最低的条目为"感觉到能够控制自己生活中的事情"(3.14±0.22)分。初产妇的育儿自我效能与压力呈负相关(r=-0.420,P<0.01)。结论初产妇的育儿自我效能与压力相关;医护人员在提高初产妇育儿自我效能时应注意评估和干预其压力,以促进初产妇母亲角色的顺利转换。

Objective To investigate correlation between parenting self-efficacy and perceived stress of primiparas. Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted on a total of 220 primiparas with Chinese version of Parenting Sense of Competence Scale Efficacy Subscale and Chinese version of Perceived Stress Scale to explore their correlation. Results The total score of parenting self-efficacy of primiparas was （34.15±0.23） points, of which, the item with the highest score was that ＂I am competent as a mother, but any difficulty can be readily solved＂, scoring （4.43±0.76） points, and the item with the lowest score was that ＂what confuses me the most as a mother is whether I am competent＂, scoring （3.34±0.52） points. The total score of perceived stress with primiparas was （26.23±5.46） points, of which the item with the highest score was that ＂I feel that the problems continue to be accumulated but remain unresolved＂, scoring （3.76±0.63） points while the item with the lowest score was that ＂I am able to control the things in my life＂, scoring （3.14±0.22） points. The total score of parenting self-efficacy was negative correlated to the perceived stress of primiparas （r=0.420, P〈0.01）. Conclusion Parenting self-efficacy was closely related to perceived stress of primipara. Therefore, nursing staff should assess the stress of primipara while improving their parenting self-efficacy so as to promote a smooth transition to maternal role.