响叶杨无性繁殖试验研究

Experiment on Asexual Reproduction of Populus adenopoda

响叶杨是我国特有的阔叶速生用材树种,但无性繁殖较难,为寻求简单的最佳繁殖措施,笔者利用不同插穗来源（两根一干苗、根萌条、根）和部位（梢部、中部、基部）以及不同基质（河沙、腐殖质、水稻土）和插穗处理（流水、200ppmATP）,进行响叶杨无性繁殖试验,结果为两根一干苗及根萌条的不同部位插穗和根插穗扦插成活率为0-88.3%,扦插苗平均生根数为1.0-8.0,从扦插成活率、扦插苗生根数及主干生长情况方面看,根萌条中部与下部插穗的扦插育苗效果最好,根萌条稍部插穗效果最差;河沙、腐殖质、稻田土等不同苗床基质和流水浸泡、200ppmATP等不同插穗处理组合,扦插育苗成活率平均为61.1%-72.7%,扦插苗生根数平均为4.0-8.7,稻田土苗床基质与200ppmATP处理插穗组合最优,河沙苗床基质与流水处理插穗组合最差;在一定苗床基质下插条200ppmATP处理对提高扦插成活率和扦插苗根数有显著（p〈0.05）促进作用;基质对扦插成活率和扦插苗生根数都没有显著影响,苗床基质只有与一定的插穗处理相结合才能显著提高育苗效果;建议响叶杨扦插育苗时应选择根萌条中部与下部作插穗,对插穗进行200ppmATP处理,以稻田土为基质作苗床。

Populus adenopoda is characterized with fast--growing but difficult asexual reproduction. To seek simple but good reproduction measures, cuttage from different sources （stem, root sprout and root）, cut from different parts（ top, middle and basal） , culture at different media （ sand, humus and paddy soil） and by different treatments （water and ATP 200ppm） were considered for cutting experiment . The result showed that cuttage from stem and root sprout survived ranging from 0% to 88.3 %, number of roots germinated ranged from 1 to 8. Cuttage from the middle part and basal part of root sprouts had better effect, while cuttage from top part of root sprout had bad effect. Media of culture like sand, humus and paddy soi matched with different treatments like water, ATP 200ppm had a mean survival rate ranging from 61.1% to 72.7% and number of roots from 4 to 8.7. Paddy soil and ATP200ppm performed best among others, wheras sand and water treatment performed the worst. Under certain media, APT200ppm improved the survival rate and rooting （p〈0.05） , while the kind of media had no significant effect on survical rate and rooting. Culture media only worked significantly with the application of treatments. It is concluded that cuttage is better to be from the mid- dle and basal parts of root sprouts and treated with ATP 200ppm, with paddy soil as media.