高层混凝土结构优化设计方法探讨

Discussion on optimization design method of high-rise concrete structures

高层混凝土结构的优化设计要解决抗震和节材两个方面问题。首先给出了过程优化三个设计阶段的工作要点,然后对若干结构优化方法进行分析探讨。分析了剪力墙结构的布置原则和计算参数的敏感性,结果表明,普通剪力墙结构层间位移角越大,结构的材料总造价越小。统计分析了12个框架-核心筒结构工程的平面布置与性能指标关系,结果表明,核心筒内外墙截面积之比越小越好;筒框梁跨高比不宜大于17,以保证结构在大震下的抗倒塌能力。针对限额设计工程给出了剪力墙、框架柱、梁和楼板构件的优化措施。最后,结构优化设计软件GSOPT的工程应用表明,优化软件可显著提高结构优化的效率和质量。通过实际工程案例介绍的优化设计方法,可供类似工程参考。

Seismic performance and material consumption are two key problems in optimization design for high-rise concrete structures. The essential points in three stages of process optimization design were proposed, and several structural optimization methods were analyzed and discussed. The layout principle of shear wall and sensibility of calculating parameters were analyzed. The results indicate that, the value of interlayer displacement angle of normal shear wall structures is in inverse proportion to total material costs. Relations between plane layout and seismic performance were analyzed on 12 frame-corewall structures. It reveals that the ratio of section areas of inner and outer wall of the core structures should be as small as possible. The span-depth ratio of framed girders should not be higher than 17, in order to ensure collapse resistant capacity under the rare earthquake. Different optimization methods for shear wall, column, beam and slab components in limited-cost projects were proposed. In the end, engineering application of structural optimization design software GSOPT indicates that optimization software can significantly improve efficiency and quality of structural optimization design. The optimization design methods introduced through practical engineering cases can provide reference for similar engineering.