嗜肺军团菌调控宿主囊泡转运的效应因子及其分子机制

Legionella pneumophila effectors and mechanisms in regulating host vesicular trafficking

嗜肺军团菌通过其特有的Dot/Icm type-IVB分泌系统向宿主胞内分泌多种效应因子,有效俘获了宿主胞内参与囊泡转运的重要蛋白,从而"绑架"了宿主细胞的囊泡运输过程,达到逃避宿主清除机制并大量增殖的目的。这些效应因子包括Sid M、Lid A、Lep B、Ank X、Lem3、Sid D、Ral F、Vip D等,通过对这些效应因子的鉴定、功能试验和结构生物学研究,逐渐揭示了它们较为完整深入的分子作用机制。本文综述了目前已知的参与调控宿主囊泡转运过程的重要效应因子及其空间结构和分子机制,有助于综合了解这种复杂的病原微生物与宿主相互作用的过程。

Legionella pneumophila secretes a large number of effectors into the host cytosol via its Dot/Icm type-IVB secretion system. Those effectors efficiently recruit important host proteins that participating in the process of host vesicular trafficking, thereby ＂kidnap＂ the intracellular vesicular trafficking in the host. This process ensures L. pneumophila＇s intracellular replication and avoids host lysosome clearance. Effectors involved in the process including Sid M, Lid A, Lep B, Ank X, Lem3, Sid D, Ral F, Vip D et al. According to the studies of identification, functional detection and crystal structural analysis of those effectors, their sophisticated molecular mechanisms have been gradually revealed. Here we summarized the structures and mechanisms of well-known important effectors exploiting host vesicular trafficking, in favor of the comprehensively understanding of the intricate pathogen-host interaction process.