村民自治的历史嬗变——传统文化传承视角下的村民自治审视

Historical Evolution of Villager Self-Governance/Autonomy: a Review of Village(r) Self-Governance/Autonomy From the Perspective of Inheritance of Traditional Culture

传统乡村自治文化是在长期生存过程中对乡村居民生存境域进行深刻认识和对其生活经验进行系统总结后逐步形成的,蕴含着丰富的生存论方面的认识价值和实践方面的参考价值,对生存问题终极思考的永恒性使得传统和现代可以进行超越时空的对话。正是基于这样的原因,传统乡村自治文化中长期积聚的认识和经验在现代社会依然可以得到延续。通过对乡村自治文化进行历史审视和对其内涵做简要分析,发现传统乡村自治不仅出自乡村自我管理的现实需求,也源于教化及文化传承的精神需要,这就使得传统乡村自治文化在现代社会的超越性发展有了前提和基础,因此,深度挖掘传统村民自治中的优秀文化资源,积极探索其和现代村民自治的有效衔接途径,具有非常重要的现实意义。

Traditional culture of villager self-governance/autonomy, which implies abundant cognitive values in terms of the theory of living and reference value in terms of practice, has been formed gradually in long-term living process of the profound recognition of villagers’living conditions and systematic summarization of their life experiences. It is the immutability of the ultimate thinking of problems of living that makes it possible that the traditional and the modern can create a mutual dialogue beyond time and space. Exactly based on this reason, the profound recognition and its abundant experience accumulated in the development of traditional culture of villager self-governance/autonomy for a long time can still be available to continue in modern society. According to a historical review of the culture of villager self-governance/autonomy and a brief analysis to its connotation, it can be found that traditional villager self-governance/autonomy derives not only from the practical demand of villager self-management, but also from the spiritual demand of cultivation and education as well as cultural inheritance, which forms the prerequisite and foundation for the transcending development of the traditional culture of villager self-governance/autonomy. Therefore, it is then of very important practical significance that the splendid and excellent cultural resources in traditional village（r） self-governance/autonomy should be rediscovered and the effective approach or way connecting the traditional with modern villager self-governance/autonomy should be also explored actively.