纳米Fe_3O_4的制备及其催化高氯酸铵热分解性能的研究

Preparation of Fe_3O_4 nanoparticles and its catalytic performance for thermal decomposition of ammonium perchlorate

采用沉淀法成功合成了纳米Fe_3O_4。使用X射线衍射(XRD)、X射线能量色散谱(EDS)和傅里叶红外(FTIR)对制得的样品结构进行了表征,通过透射电镜(TEM)可以发现其为球形颗粒,粒径为10 nm左右。将制得的纳米Fe_3O_4按2%、5%和10%的比例加入高氯酸铵(AP)中,通过对混合物进行差热分析(TG-DTA)发现,纳米Fe_3O_4可以明显促进AP的分解,其高温热分解温度从452℃提前到376、335℃和329℃,说明纳米Fe_3O_4对AP分解具有良好的催化性能,并对催化机理进行了简单讨论。

The Fe3O4 nanoparticles are successfully synthesized by precipitation. The Fe304 is characterized by X- ray powder diffraction （XRD） , energy dispersive X-ray spectrometry （EDS） and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy （FTIR）. The resuhs of transmission electron microscopy （TEM） show that the Fe3O4 is sphere and the diameter is about 10 nm. The catalytic activity of Fe3O4 （2 wt%, 5 wt% and 10 wt% ） on the thermal decomposition of ammonium perchlorate （AP） is evaluated by thermo-gravimetric analysis and differential thermal analysis （TG/DTA）. It is found out that the thermal decomposition temperature of AP in the presence of Fe304 is obviously reduced, which is decreased from 452℃ to 376℃ ,335℃ and 329℃, indicating good catalytic activity of Fe3O4 nanopartieles on decomposition of AP. Furthermore,the mechanism is briefly discussed.