淮安地区小龙虾及其外环境中致病菌分布规律和耐药性分析

Distributing disciplinarian and drug resistance of pathogenic bacteria in Procambarus clarkii and its external environment in Huai'an

目的了解淮安地区生鲜小龙虾及其外环境中致病菌的分布规律以及相关菌株的耐药性,为食源性疾病的防控提供依据。方法根据食品微生物检测国家标准,检测70份小龙虾样品(养殖环节30份、销售环节40份)和40份外环境水体样本(养殖环节15份、销售环节25份)中的沙门氏菌、金黄色葡萄球菌、单核细胞增生李斯特氏菌、大肠埃希菌O157和副溶血性弧菌,并对沙门氏菌进行血清型鉴定,然后用纸片扩散法测定沙门氏菌和金黄色葡萄球菌的耐药性。结果小龙虾中致病菌的总检出率为41.43%,致病菌类型包括沙门氏菌、金黄色葡萄球菌、副溶血性弧菌和单核细胞增生李斯特菌。外坏境水体中致病菌的总检出率为22.50%,致病菌类型包括沙门氏菌、金黄色葡萄球菌和副溶血性弧菌。沙门氏菌分离株主要对萘啶酸和氨苄西林具有较强的耐药性;金黄色葡萄球菌分离株则对红霉素、甲氧苄氨嘧啶/磺胺甲(?)唑和克林霉素具有较强的耐药性。结论淮安地区小龙虾及其外环境水体中存在致病菌污染,并且沙门氏菌和金黄色葡萄球菌分离菌株的耐药情况严重。

Objective To analyzed the distributing disciplinarian and drug resistance of pathogenic bacteria in Procambarus clarkii and its external environment in Huai＇an,so as to provide basis for prevention and control of foodborne disease.Methods The Salmonella,Staphylococcus aureus,Listeria monocytogenes,Escherichia coli O157 and Vibrio parahaemolyticus in 70 samples of Procambarus clarkii and 40 samples of external environmental water were tested according to the national standards of food microbiological examination.Then the serotype distribution of Salmonella were identified,and the drug resistances of Salmonella and Staphylococcus aureus were determined by Kindy-Bauer（KB） method.Results The total detection rate of pathogenic bacteria in Procambarus clarkii was 41.43%.The pathogenic bacteria included Salmonella,Staphylococcus aureus,Vibrio parahaemolyticus and Listeria monocytogenes.The total detection rate of pathogenic bacteria in external environmental water was22.50%,and the pathogenic bacteria included Staphylococcus aureus,Salmonella and Vibrio parahaemolyticus.Salmonella isolates showed high resistance to nalidixic acid and ampicillin,and Staphylococcus aureus isolates showed high resistance to erythromycin,trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole and clindamycin.Conclusion There is pollution of pathogenic bacteria in Procambarus clarkii and its external environment water in Huai＇an,and the drug resistance of Salmonella and Staphylococcus aureus was serious.