云南省大米中重金属镉含量及其健康风险评估

Content determination and health risk assessment of cadmium in rice in Yunnan province

目的评估云南省大米中重金属镉所引起的健康风险。方法 2014年在云南省全省区域采集了1950份大米样品,采用电感耦合等离子体质谱法(inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry,ICP-MS)检测大米中的镉含量,应用单因子污染指数法进行稻米镉超标评价,并用非参数概率法对稻米中镉的膳食风险进行评估。结果云南省大米中镉超标率为2.5%,大米样品检测镉含量均低于我国食品安全卫生标准(0.2 mg/kg);但是大米中镉的风险熵(HQ)在97.5%和99.5%高暴露位点均大于1。结论云南省部分地区居民可能存在通过食用大米途径发生镉超量积累的风险,应引起有关部门注意,并对云南大米中镉污染情况进行长期跟踪检测。

Objective To evaluate the health risk on human caused by cadmium（Cd）accumulated in rice in Yunnan province.Methods Cadmium concentration of 1950 rice samples collected from Yunnan province in 2014 was determined by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry（ICP-MS）.The metal pollution in milled rice was evaluated by single factor pollution index,and the metal health risk was assessed by nonparametric probability method.Results Cadmium concentration of 2.5%samples was exceeded the China health standards for food（0.2 mg/kg）.The hazard quotient（HQ） of the health risk was higher than 1 for 97.5%and 99.5%exposure.Conclusion The accumulation of Cd in rice is a potential health risk to consumers of some areas in Yunnan province.Considering the potential health risk,it is necessary to implement yearly monitoring of Cd contamination in milled rice in Yunnan province.