2006-2015年江苏省土源性线虫病国家级监测点调查结果分析

Investigation on soil-transmitted nematode infections in national surveillance sites in Jiangsu Province from 2006 to 2015

目的了解农村居民土源性线虫感染情况,为土源性线虫病的防治提供指导。方法 2006-2015年在江苏省宿迁市沭阳县设立国家土源性线虫病监测点。每年秋季收集至少1 000名年满3周岁的常住居民粪便,采用改良加藤厚涂片法粪检肠道蠕虫卵;对参检的3~12周岁儿童用透明胶纸肛拭法检查蛲虫卵。随机选择居民居所附近的菜地、厕所周边、庭院和厨房等环境的土壤,检测蛔虫卵和钩蚴污染情况。结果沭阳县监测点居民土源性线虫感染率和儿童蛲虫感染率均呈下降趋势,从2006年的1.81%（19/1 049）和4.72%（5/106）分别下降至2015年的0.25%（3/1 180）和0（0/263）,分别下降了86.19%和100%。所有感染者均为轻度感染。土壤样本未检出蛔虫卵和钩蚴。结论沭阳县土源性线虫和儿童蛲虫感染率呈逐年下降趋势,处于较低流行水平。

Objective To understand the status of soil-transmitted nematode infections in rural residents so as to provide the evidence for formulating the guidance for prevention and control of the diseases. Methods The national surveillance sites of soil-transmitted nematode infections were established in Shuyang County,Suqian City,Jiangsu Province from 2006 to 2015. At least 1 000 fecal samples of residents aged 3 years or above were collected in every autumn,and the intestinal helminth eggs were detected with the Kato-Katz technique and the Enterubius vermicularis eggs were detected by the cellophane tape method for children aged 3-12 years. The soil samples were collected from vegetable fields,lavatories,courtyards and kitchens to examine Ascaris lumbricoides eggs and larvae of hookworm. Results The infection rates of soil-transmitted nematodes in residents and E. vermicularis in children reduced from 1.81%（19/1 049）and 4.72%（5/106）in 2006 to 0.25%（3/1 180）and 0（0/263）in 2015,respectively,in the surveillance sites. The infection intensity was mild in all the infected cases. The soil samples were negative for detecting A. lumbricoides eggs and hookworm larvae. Conclusion The infection rates of soil-transmitted nematodes in the residents and E. vermicularis in the children show a decreasing trend and keep at a low level of prevalence in Shuyang County.