中药功效成分合成生物学研究进展

Recent advances of synthetic biology for production of functional ingredients in Chinese materia medica

中药功效成分是中药发挥防病治病等重要作用的主要活性物质,大多数的中药功效成分都来自药用生物次级代谢产物衍生物。目前中药功效成分的获取主要是从源生物中直接提取,提取成本高,收益极低。中药微生物合成生物学,通过在微生物中导入目标产物的合成途径,利用微生物进行发酵生产目标成分,是一项具有发展前景的中药活性物质获取途径。通过异源宿主发酵大规模产中药功效成分,解决了中药功效成分含量低,提取分离困难,未来将极大缓解中药功效成分供需不足的局面。该文从中药功效成分合成生物学实例进展以及中药功效成分合成生物学策略2个方面对中药功效成分合成生物学进行综述。

The functional ingredients in Chinese materia medica are the main active substance for traditional Chinese medicine and most of them are secondary metabolites derivatives. Until now, the main method to obtain those functional ingredients is through direct extraction from the Chinese materia medica. However, the income is very low because of the high extraction costs and the decreased medicinal plants. Synthetic biology technology, as a new and microbial approach, can be able to carry out large-scale production of functional ingredients and greatly ease the shortage of traditional Chinese medicine ingredients. This review mainly focused on the recent advances in synthetic biology for the functional ingredients production.