莎士比亚的“中国形象”演变考

A Survey of “Chinese Images” of Shakespeare

本文从中西文化交流的角度梳理了莎士比亚作品在中国的形象塑造及其演变。莎剧作品在西方完成了自身的经典化过程后,与西方的坚船利炮一起,来到中国。从此,开启了"莎士比亚的中国形象"。随着交流的展开,其"中国形象"不断地发生变化。文章认为,"莎士比亚的中国形象"大致可分成"虚像"、"幻像"、"美化像"、"学术像"、"新像"及"真像"六种。每种"形象"的呈现都是文化互动的结果,六种"形象"反映了近代以来中西文化的交流态势。

This paper intends to analyze the images of Shakespeare in China with a perspective of cultural communication between China and the West. Having accomplished its canonization in the West,the name of Shakespeare accompanying the advanced warships and cannons of the West sailed to China,which started Shakespeare＇s Chinese images. Generally speaking,there are so far six phases in all,say,virtual image,fantasy,makeup image,lab-image,up-to-date image and representation of the true Shakespeare. Notably,these images,which are achieved by culture interaction,represent culture competition and communication between China and the West since 1839.