专业化农户正规信贷约束现状及影响因素——以全国725户苹果种植户为例

Formal Credit Constraints and Influencing Factors of Specialized Farmers:Evidence from 725 Apple Growers in China

专业化农户普遍存在资金融通困难,采用全国725户专业化农户微观数据对比分析不同规模专业化农户正规信贷约束状态及成因,重点关注专业大户信贷约束现状,结果表明,专业化农户普遍受到的正规金融机构信贷约束,且以需求型信贷约束为主。专业大户易受供给型信贷约束,金融机构手续繁琐,审批时间长是导致信贷约束主要原因。通过对各影响因素进行Logistic分析表明,西部地区易受信贷约束,且家庭劳动力越多,苹果种植面积越大,家庭净收入越低,距离银行网点越远,每次借贷额度大的农户更易受到信贷约束。

The specialized household has a difficulty of financing. This paper comparatively analyzes formal credit constraints condition and causes of specialized households with different scales by using the microdata of 725 apple growers in China and the status of leading specialized households. The results show that the specialized households generally are subject to credit constraints of formal financial institutions,and are given priority to that of demand type. Leading specialized households are vulnerable to credit constraints of supplytype,and the cumbersome financial procedure,a long time of examination and approval are the main reasons that led to the credit constraints. The Logistic analysis shows that the farmers in the western region are vulnerable to credit constraints. In addition,the farmers with more family labor and apple planting area,less family net incomes,greater the distance to bank outlets,and larger amount of each loan,will be subject to credit constraints.