论血液循环理论的社会意义

The Social Significance of Blood Circulation Theory

17世纪生理学革命的标志是血液循环理论的确立。威廉·哈维在进行血液循环理论表述的前后20年间存在巨大的差异和矛盾。这种理论表述的复杂情况不仅与特定的社会历史环境相关,也与科学家的哲学洞察力有关。17世纪英国君主制与共和制的更替、欧洲新医学理论的兴起、英国政治哲学革命的发生等因素是血液循环理论得以完整表述的重要推动力;血液循环理论又为新兴的宇宙关系、人神关系、国家结构、政治制度等方面提供了重要的理性知识基础。

The symbol of the physiological revolution in seventeenth century is the establishment of the blood circulation theory. There are huge differences and contradictions in the explanation of Harvey＇s blood circulation theory. The complex situation of this theory is not only related to the specific social historical environment,but also with the philosophy instinct of the scientist. The British monarchy and Republic alternate in seventeenth centuryy,the rise of new medical theory in Europe,the occurrence of political and philosophical revolution in Britain,and so on,are the important driving forces of occurrence of the theory. Conversely,the theory of blood circulation has provided an important basis for new rational knowledge in the aspects of the new universal relationship,the relationship between man and God,the structure of stat and political system and so on.