高技术产业集群竞争力与全要素生产率关系研究——以京津冀为例

Research on the Relationship between High-tech Industry Cluster Competitiveness and Total Factor Productivity——Taking Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei Province as a Case

基于指数功效函数和Malmquist指数法对2000-2014年京津冀高技术产业集群竞争力和全要素生产率指数测算与分析。首先,运用Eviews软件对两个变量进行协整分析,得到两个变量的长期与短期关系;然后,参考新古典增长模型对两个变量函数关系进行假设,并通过MATLAB软件对数据进行曲线拟合,对假设进行检验。结果表明,高技术产业集群竞争力的增强对全要素生产率的促进作用逐渐增大,主要体现在对技术进步的贡献上;随着促进作用边际效应递减,当促进作用达到某一最大值,影响力达到稳态水平。近几年,京津冀高技术产业集群竞争力对全要素生产率影响已经趋于稳定状态,因此,京津冀应该在协同发展的背景下,营造区域创新环境,加大力度改革科技体制,突显高技术产业集群的竞争优势,不断提高高技术产业集群竞争力水平。

Based on the exponential function and Malmquist index, this article calculates the clusters competitiveness and total factor productivity index of the high-tech industry in Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region from 2000 to 2014. First, using Eviews software to make a co-integration analysis, the paper obtains the long term and short term relationships of the two variables ; then referencing neoclassical growth model, the paper assumes function relation of the two variables, and the empirical test is carried out by means of MATLAB software fit the curves of two variables. The results show that, the enhancement of the competitiveness of high-tech industry cluster has increasing active effect to total factor productivity and the effect is mainly reflected in the contribution of technological progress; with the diminishing marginal effect, the influence reaches the steady state level when the active effect reaches a certain value. In recent years, the high-tech industry cluster competitiveness in Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region is in a steady influence on total factor productivity. Therefore, under the background of the coordinated development, Beijing, Tianjin and Hebei should create a regional innovation environment, increase efforts to reform the system of science and technology, highlight the high technology industry cluster competition advantage, and improve the level of high technology industry cluster competitiveness constantly.