美国南海政策新发展与中美亚太共处

New Tendency of U.S.'s South China Sea Policy and China-U.S. Co-Existence in the Asia-Pacific

近年来,美国显著加大了对南海问题的介入力度,其立场也日益偏颇。美国不仅将矛头直接对准中国,指责后者制造地区紧张局势,甚至直接派遣军舰进入中国南海部分岛礁12海里内的区域范围,开展赤裸裸的"炮舰外交"。不仅如此,美国还强化与菲律宾、越南的军事安全关系,大力提供军备援助,提升它们的海上军事能力和执法能力。美国还积极撺掇菲律宾将南海问题诉诸仲裁,激化中菲海洋矛盾。美国在南海问题上的深度介入和偏袒立场,不仅使得南海争端日益复杂化,也给中美关系及两国在亚太地区的和平共处投下了阴影。双方都应该采取措施,防止南海争端演化为中美之间的对立与对峙,并进而防止该地区陷入新的冷战。

Recent years, the United States has been increasingly involved in the South China Sea dispute and taken a biased approach towards China. It accused China of trying to change the status quo in the South China Sea, and sent its navy to navigate within 12 miles of the islands that China controls as a kind of deterrence to China. It also encouraged and supported the Philippines＇ efforts to file a case against China through Arbitration Tribunal. Besides, it has also upgraded its security relations with the Philippines and Vietnam, and provided new military aids to them in order to enhance their maritime capabilities and maritime domain awareness. As a result, the South China Sea dispute has become increasingly complicated and cast a long shadow over China-U.S. relations. How to minimize the negative impacts of the South China Sea dispute and find a way out？ And how to avoid the prospects of dispute escalation and possible China-U.S. confrontation in the South China Sea？ This paper will try to answer these questions.